لغة أنجليزية

In Algerian law, partnerships are governed by the **Commercial Code** and other relevant legal frameworks. As of my knowledge cutoff in July 2024, the main types of partnerships recognized under Algerian law include:

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### 1. **General Partnership (Société en Nom Collectif - SNC)**
- **Characteristics:**
- All partners are jointly and severally liable for the debts and obligations of the partnership.
- Partners are actively involved in the management of the business.
- The partnership is formed under a common name, and the liability of partners is unlimited.
- **Use Case:** Often used for small businesses where partners have a high level of trust and mutual responsibility.

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### 2. **Limited Partnership (Société en Commandite Simple - SCS)**
- **Characteristics:**
- Comprises two types of partners:
- **General Partners (Commandités):** Manage the business and have unlimited liability.
- **Limited Partners (Commanditaires):** Contribute capital but have limited liability and do not participate in management.
- The partnership is governed by a partnership agreement.
- **Use Case:** Suitable for businesses where some investors want to contribute capital without being involved in day-to-day operations.

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### 3. **Joint Venture (Société en Participation - SEP)**
- **Characteristics:**
- A contractual arrangement between two or more parties to collaborate on a specific project or business activity.
- Does not create a separate legal entity.
- Liability and management are defined by the contract between the parties.
- **Use Case:** Commonly used for short-term projects or collaborations where parties do not wish to form a formal legal entity.

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### 4. **Limited Liability Company (Société à Responsabilité Limitée - SARL)**
- **Characteristics:**
- Partners' liability is limited to their contributions to the capital.
- The company is managed by one or more managers (gérants), who may or may not be partners.
- The minimum number of partners is one (single-member SARL).
- **Use Case:** One of the most common business structures in Algeria, suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

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### 5. **Joint Stock Company (Société par Actions - SPA)**
- **Characteristics:**
- Capital is divided into shares, and shareholders' liability is limited to their contributions.
- Can be either:
- **Publicly Traded (Société Anonyme - SA):** Shares can be publicly traded on the stock exchange.
- **Privately Held (Société par Actions Simplifiée - SAS):** Shares are not publicly traded.
- Managed by a board of directors or a general manager.
- **Use Case:** Suitable for large businesses and corporations.

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### 6. **Partnership Limited by Shares (Société en Commandite par Actions - SCA)**
- **Characteristics:**
- A hybrid between a limited partnership and a joint stock company.
- Includes:
- **Managing Partners (Commandités):** Have unlimited liability and manage the business.
- **Shareholders (Commanditaires):** Have limited liability and do not participate in management.
- Capital is divided into shares.
- **Use Case:** Used in specific cases where some partners want to manage the business while others act as passive investors.

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### 7. **Civil Partnership (Société Civile)**
- **Characteristics:**
- Used for non-commercial activities, such as agricultural, liberal professions, or real estate ventures.
- Partners are personally liable for the partnership's obligations.
- **Use Case:** Suitable for professional or non-commercial collaborations.

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### Key Notes:
- The choice of partnership type depends on factors such as liability, management structure, and the nature of the business.
- Algerian law requires partnerships to be registered with the **Trade and Personal Property Credit Register (Registre de Commerce et de Crédit Mobilier - RCCM)**.
- Partnerships must comply with tax, labor, and other regulatory requirements.

For the most accurate and updated information, consult the **Algerian Commercial Code** or seek advice from a legal professional in Algeria. If you have specific questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask!